REVIEWER FOR BIOLOGY
REVIEWER FOR BIOLOGY
Name:_________________________________________Date:___________Score:___________
I.
Multiple Choice. (1 point each)
1. _____ An allele is ___.
A. one of the bases in DNA
B. an alternate form of a gene
C. another term for epistasis
D. present only in males and is responsible
for sex determination
E. found in mitochondria but not in nuclei
2. _____ What is the probability that on
four flips of a coin, heads will occur on three flips and tails on 1?
A. 1/4 B. 1/2 C. 3/16 D.
1/8 E. insufficient information to answer this
question
3. _____ What would be the dimensions of a
Punnett square for the cross Ww x ww?
A. 4 x 4 B. 2 x 2 C. 2 x 1 D. 1 x 1
4. _____ In dihybrid crosses, the ratio
9:3:3:1 indicates ___.
A. Codominance B. Independent assortment C. Intermediate dominance D. Three alleles for each trait
5. _____In a cross of a round hybrid pea
with a true breeding round parent (Ww x WW), what genotypic proportions would
be observed in the offspring?
A. Half heterozygous, half homozygous
dominant
B. Half round, half wrinkled
C. All heterozygous
D. All round
6. _____ The fundamental Mendelian process
which involves the separation of contrasting genetic elements at the same locus
would be called ___.
A. segregation
B. independent assortment
C. continuous variation
D. discontinuous variation
E. dominance or recessiveness
7. _____ Probabilities are calculated using
the addition rule when they ___.
A. Are equally likely
B. Are independent
C. Are mutually exclusive D. Occur disproportionately
8. _____ Probabilities are calculated using
the multiplication rule when they ___.
A. Are equally likely B. Are independent C. Are mutually exclusive D. Occur disproportionately
9. _____ What ratios typically result from
crosses dealing with a single genetic locus?
A.
9:3:3:1, 1:2:1
B.
1:1:1:1, 1:4:6:4:1
C.
3:1, 1:1, 1:2:1
D.
9:7, 12:3:1
E.
15:1, 1:2
10. _____There are three different genotypes
resulting from a monohybrid cross. How
many different genotypes would there be resulting from a dihybrid cross?
A. 4 B. 8 C. 9 D. 16
11. _____ The base thymine is always paired
with ___.
A. Adenine B. Guanine C. Cytosine D. Thymine
12._____ The sequence of one strand of DNA
is 5’ TCGATC 3’. The sequence of the complementary strand would be ___.
A. 5’ AGCTAG 3’ B. 5’ TCGATC 3’ C. 5’ CTAGCT 3’ D.5’ GCTAGC 3’ E. 5’ GATCGA 3
13. _____ Starting with a cross between AA and aa, the proportion of heterozygotes in the F2 progeny will be ___.
A. 1/8 B. 1/4 C. 1/3 D. 1/2 E. All heterozygotes
14. _____ Genotype is to DNA as phenotype is
to
A. Genotype B. Proteins C. Expressivity D. RNA E. Mutation
15. _____ Albinism, lack of pigmentation in
humans, results from an autosomal recessive gene designated a. Two parents with normal pigmentation have an
albino child. What is the probability
that their next child will be albino?
What is the probability that the next child will be an albino girl?
A. 1/2; 1/4 B. 1/4; 1/2 C. 1/4; 1/8 D. 1/8; 1/4
16. _____ Starting with a P generation with
the following genotypes (AABB x aabb).
Based on classical Mendelian inheritance, what is
the expected phenotypic ratio observed among the F2 progeny?
A.
9:3:3:1 B. 1:2:1 C. 3:1 D. 1:1 E.
1:1:1:1
17. _____ In the previous question, if A =
plain fur and a = spotted fur and B = Long ears and b = short ears, what
phenotypic class would be observed in the highest proportion in the F2
generation?
A.
spotted - short ears
B.
plain - short ears
C.
spotted - long ears
D.
plain - long ears
18. _____ A species of mice can have gray or
black fur and long or short tails. A
cross between black-furred, long-tailed mice and gray-furred, short-tailed mice
produce all black-furred, long-tailed offspring. Using the gene symbols G for
black, g for gray, S for long and s for short, what would be the genotype of a
gray-furred, short-tailed mouse?
A. GGSS B. ggSS C. ggss D. GgSs E. Ggss
19. _____ Referring to question 18, how many
different gametes will the black-furred, long-tailed P1 mice produce?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 16
20. _____ Referring to question 18, how many
different gametes do the black-furred, long-tailed F1 mice produce?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 16
21. _____ What would be the dimensions of
a Punnett Square depicting a dihybrid cross?
A. 1 x
4 B. 2 x
4 C. 4 x
4 D. 2 x
2.
22. _____ What would be the minimum
dimensions of a Punnett square of a test cross with a dihybrid parent who is
heterozygous at both loci?
A. 4 x
4 B. 4 x 1 C. 2 x
4 D. 4 x
2 E. 2 x
2
23. _____ To determine if an organism with a
dominant phenotype is heterozygous, one can perform a ___.
A. reciprocal cross B. dihybrid cross C. test cross
24. _____ In a F1 dihybrid cross (WwGg X WwGg) where W = round, w =
wrinkled, G = yellow and g = green, what
is the probability of obtaining an individual that is wrinkled, green and
true-breeding?
A. 1/16 B. 1/2 C. 9/16 D. 3/16 E. 1/4
25. _____ What genotype is present most
often among the progeny (F2) of a dihybrid cross (AaBb X AaBb)?
A. AaBb B. AABb C. AABB D. aabb E. AAbb
26. _____ Barney and Betty are about to have
their first child. They both have
"normal" feet but Barney's father has flat feet and Betty has a child
from a previous marriage who has flat feet. What is the probability that they
will have a boy with flat feet?
A. 1/2 B. 1/4 C. 1/8 D. 3/4 E. 3/8
27. _____ In the previous question, Barney
and Betty learn that they will actually have twins - dizygotic twins. What is the probability that they will have
both a boy and a girl, both of whom are flat footed?
A. 1/4 B. 1/8 C. 1/16 D. 1/32 E. 1/64
28. _____ Microbiologist who demonstrated
that DNA was the genetic material.
A. Oswald Avery
B. Herbert Boyer C. Rosalind Franklin
D. Barbara McClintock
E. James Watson
29. _____ Geneticist who discovered genes
that could actually "move" from generation to generation.
A. Oswald Avery B. Herbert Boyer C. Rosalind Franklin D. Barbara McClintock E. James Watson
30. _____ Biochemist who discovered
restriction endonucleases, one of the key tools for genetic engineering.
A. Oswald Avery
B. Herbert Boyer
C. Rosalind Franklin
D. Barbara McClintock E. James Watson
II. Match the description in column B with the terms in
column A. Write only the letter of the correct answer.
A. B.
___1.
Genetics a.
the weaker of a pair of trait
___2.
Dominant trait b. a level
in a succession of a family
___3.
Genes c. the
science that studies the process of
___4.
Generation heredity
___5.
Pure d.
the passing of traits from parent to offspring
___6.
Recessive trait e. when the
paired genes for a trait are
___7.
Hybrid identical
___8.
Heredity f. the
stronger of a pair of traits
___9.
Genotype g.
structures of chromosomes that determine
___10.
Phenotype hereditary
traits
h. the appearance of an
organism that results from its gene action
i. when the paired of
genes for a trait are different
j. the actual heredity
makeup of an organism
III. Identification.
1.
___________is the science that deals with heredity and the factors affecting
transmission of characteristics from one generation to another.
2.
___________makes the transmission of genetic materials from parents to
offspring.
3.
___________was the Father of the Science of Genetics.
4.
___________ are the offspring that resulted from a cross between two pure
breeding plants.
5.
___________ are the traits that appeared in a cross breeding process.
6.
___________ are that traits that were hidden during cross breeding process.
7.
___________ are the results of a cross between parents differing in one or more
traits.
8.
___________ controls the expression of hereditary traits.
9.
___________ is the law that states that one factor in a pair may mask the
expression of the other.
10.__________ a law stating that during the production of gametes the two copies of each
hereditary factor segregate so that offspring acquire one factor from each
parent.
11.
___________ are different copies or form of a gene controlling a certain trait.
12.
___________ is the term used if the alleles of a certain trait in an organism
are the same.
13.
___________is the term used if the same trait are different.
14.
___________ is the term used to the genetic makeup or the combination of an
organism.
15.
___________ is the term used to the physical trait of an organism as shown
externally in its appearance and as brought by its genetic makeup.
16.
A cross of only one trait is called ____________________.
17.
___________ is the likelihood that a particular event will occur.
18.
___________ is a genetic cross which involves two sets of traits.
19.
___________ is a law which states that
the separation of gene pairs in a given pair of chromosomes and the
distribution of the genes to gametes during meiosis are entirely independent.
20.
___________ is used to determine the
probable outcome of experiments in monohybrid and dihybrid crossing.
21.
___________ is a heterozygous condition in which both alleles at a gene are
partially expressed, often produced an intermediate phenotype.
22.
___________ is the chromosome that determines the sex of an organism.
23.
___________ stands for female chromosomes.
24.
___________ stands for male chromosomes.
25.
There are _____ number of chromosome in each individual.
26.___________
are traits associated with a gene that is carried only by the male or female
parent.
27.
___________ is a chart of an individual’s ancestors used in human genetics to
analyze Mendelian inheritance of certain traits, especially of familial
diseases.
28.
___________ is the condition in which a gene responsible for a specific trait
is located on a sex chromosome, resulting in sexually dependent inheritance of
the trait.
29.
___________ are genes which are present in both sexes of sexually reproducing
species but turned on in only one sex.
30.
___________ is a change of the DNA sequence with in a gene or chromosomes of an
organism resulting in the creation of a new character or trait not found in the
parental type.
31.
___________ a type of mutation occurs in any body cell except the reproductive
cells.
32.
___________ a type of mutation occurs in reproductive cells and is transmitted
to offspring.
33.
___________ a type of disease produced by a single dominant allele H. People
with this disease show no symptoms until they are in their thirties or forties.
34.
___________ is a complex syndrome associated when an XY- bearing sperm unites
with an X-bearing egg.
35.
___________ is usually produced by non-disjunction of chromosome 21 during
oogenesis and sometimes during spermatogenesis.
36.
___________ is a syndrome caused by non disjunction of the sex chromosomes
resulting into female who lacks sex chromosomes.
37.
___________is the study of chromosomal numbers and structures.
IV.
Which does not belong to the group? encircle the correct answer.
1.
succession evolution adaptation predation
2.
Robert hooke Leewenhoek cuvier da vinci
3.
vestiginal organ amber rocks footprints
4.
fossils structures species embryological
development
5.
natural selection variation speciation human development
V.
Choose the letter of the best answer.
a.
Darwin b. Lamrck c. Wallace d. Malthus
___1.
formulated the natural selection theory
___2.
believed that early giraffes had short necks
___3.
wrote the book “ Essay on the principles of population”
___4.
Formulated the theory of use and disuse
___5.
“there was potential of an increase in the number of species through
reproduction
___6.
wrote the book “ the origin of species
___7.
worked in south America and Southeast Asia
___8.
formulated the theory of need
___9.
claimed that “ resources are limited’ for organism to survive
___10.
worked in Galapagos islands
VI.
For items 1-5 refer your answer to the diagram. the diagram is labeled with
letters a,b,c,d indicating the different
layers
in a sample marine biome. Choose the letter of the best answer for every item.
1.
What layer where the oldest fossils are found?
2.
Layer where life will be possible.
3.
Layer with the most recent fossils.
4.
Layer that was laid down first.
5.
If the time frame in between layers would be 10 million years ago to the
present tim, and the time sequence would indicate a gap from 10 mya-5mya-2mya
and the present, which layer will fall under 5mya?
6.
the most fossils are found in:
a.
sedimentary rocks b. amber c. ice d.
tar pits
7.
A vestiginal organ is:
a.
always useful b. completely useless c. not an evidence for evolution d. sometimes useful
8.
change in species over time is:
a.
geologic evolution b. fitness c. organic evolution d. diversity
9.
the human hand and the wing of a bird are example of
a. vestigial
structures b. homologous
structures c. fossils
10.
the slow change of the earth itself is called:
a.
spontaneous generation b. organic
evolution c. biogenesis d. geologic evolution
B.
for
questions number 1-5 refer again to the diagram. select the letter of your
choice from any of these 3 choices.
a.
clearly indicated b.
not possible c. there is a
probability
1.
letters c,d and e on the left are of the same age, thickness and composition as
of those o layers c, d, and e on the right of the diagram.
2.
layers f and g on the right are younger than a and b on the left.
3.
F and g were deposited before layers a and b on the left.
4.
layers a and b would contain fossils older than layers c,d, and e.
5.
comparable layers on the left and the right were laid down at the same time.
VII.
true or false. Write True if the
statement is correct; False if it is
wrong.
_____1. A color-blind
daughter can have a normal mother.
_____2. A normal daughter
can have a color-blind father.
_____3. A woman can be
bald even with one recessive gene.
_____4. Incomplete
dominance will result in three phenotype in the offspring generation if a blend
of two traits for every parent is present.
_____5. A parent with
genes for having dimples will always have a child with dimples.
_____6. A color-blind son
can have a normal father.
_____7. A mongoloid is
capable of reproducing.
_____8. The phenotype is
always the same as the genotype.
_____9. A person with
klinefelter’s syndrome has more male characteristics.
_____10. A color-blind
will always have another color-blind brother.
VIII. Answer the following.
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